Fasting blood sugar is higher than 7, how can I lower it?

Why does my blood sugar rise after I wake up after not eating at night?

Many people know that if blood sugar rises after a meal, it means they have eaten too much, but the rise in fasting blood sugar makes people confused. Today Nono is here to answer this question for you.

What is fasting blood glucose (GLU)?

Refers to the blood sugar measured before breakfast the next morning after fasting overnight (not eating any food, except drinking water for at least 8 to 12 hours). It is the most commonly used test indicator for diabetes and represents the basal insulin secretion function.

The best time to measure fasting blood sugar is between 7 a.m. and 9 a.m.

Generally speaking, if a person with diabetes has a fasting blood sugar greater than 7mmol/L, the fasting blood sugar is considered to be high.

3 reasons for elevated fasting blood sugar

1. Too much dinner the day before

This is the most common cause of fasting hyperglycemia, which is related to the quantity and quality of meals at night.

Eating too much without exercising after meals and consuming less at night will increase the amount of sugar released by food into the blood. Of course, it's also possible that I ate late.

In addition, it is also related to the state of rest and sleep at night. If you don't sleep well at night, are in a state of insomnia, have a bad mood at night, and are very tired, your fasting blood sugar will fluctuate in the morning, sometimes high and sometimes low.

Occasionally high blood sugar on an empty stomach does not have much to do with it. It can be improved by controlling your diet and exercising after meals. However, if it happens frequently, you must consider the following two factors.

2. Dawn phenomenon: blood sugar is not low at night but rises in the morning

Blood sugar is not only regulated by the energy released by food but also by a variety of hormones, most of which are blood sugar-raising hormones, including glucocorticoids, growth hormone, etc.

These hormones begin to gradually increase in the early morning, acting on the glycogen stored in the liver and muscles, releasing them into the blood circulation, and blood sugar increases accordingly.

In medicine, this phenomenon of elevated blood sugar in the early morning is called the "dawn phenomenon." Under the influence of glucagon, blood sugar gradually rises. So fasting blood sugar may be higher than bedtime blood sugar the day before.

How to judge

Blood sugar is very stable at night, and there is no hypoglycemia. On the contrary, blood sugar gradually rises in the early morning, and fasting blood sugar reaches the highest point before breakfast. This is the dawn phenomenon.

How to adjust

On the basis of adhering to the general diet therapy, the number of meals can be appropriately increased (4 to 5 meals can be arranged a day).

At the same time, you should have a snack about an hour before going to bed at night. You can eat a small amount of food containing carbohydrates and protein, such as a cup of milk, a small bowl of oatmeal, or a few slices of bread. This will help improve nighttime insulin secretion and sensitivity.

3. Sumujie effect: blood sugar is low at night and high in the morning

When diabetic patients are prone to hypoglycemia, the body will activate a protective mechanism. The previously mentioned blood sugar-raising hormones will be secreted more, thereby raising blood sugar and causing secondary hyperglycemia. This is the "Sumuje effect".

It is worth noting that patients with diabetes who experience the Sumujie effect sometimes do not have typical symptoms of hypoglycemia such as panic and cold sweats, and are asleep at the same time. It is very dangerous to suffer from hypoglycemia and coma.

How to judge

In order to reduce the impact on sleep, you can monitor blood sugar at 3 o'clock in the morning. If possible, it is best to make a 24-hour blood sugar monitoring judgment in the hospital or wear a dynamic blood glucose meter.

If the blood sugar measured in the early morning (0-4 a.m.) shows hypoglycemia (blood sugar less than or equal to 3.9mmol/L), it means that the reason for the increase in fasting blood sugar before breakfast is the "Sumuje effect".

how to deal with

Regular diet and exercise, and appropriate drug dosage are the prerequisites for solving the Sumujie effect.

Diabetes patients who use long-acting sulfonylureas, premixed insulin, intermediate-acting and long-acting insulin should pay special attention to the obstruction of the Somujet effect.

Sharing meals is a good way to prevent the Sumuji effect.

For those with high blood sugar after meals (higher than 10 mmol/L) and low blood sugar before going to bed, you can eat 1/3 of your dinner between 9:30 and 10:00 pm.

If the blood sugar does not exceed 10 mol/L after dinner, you can eat directly.

It should be noted that if you adjust your diet at night, you must remember to monitor your blood sugar after dinner and before going to bed.

If your blood sugar is below 6 mmol/L before going to bed, the Sumuje effect may be causing trouble.

At this time, it is appropriate to add 4 slices of soda crackers or 1 cup (225 ml) of milk. Don’t worry too much that eating something before going to bed will cause high blood sugar. You must know that hypoglycemia is more harmful.

It should be noted here that regarding the dawn phenomenon or Sumujie phenomenon, these are only temporary methods. The root causes of these two phenomena are related to overdose of medication or insulin injection. Everyone should adopt a more rational approach.