Blood Glucose Monitoring Recommended How Often to Check Blood Glucose

Blood glucose monitoring is an important part of diabetes management.

 

The therapeutic significance of different blood sugar monitoring methods and the meaning of blood sugar reflected by different monitoring methods are different. Therefore, doctors can grasp our panoramic blood sugar spectrum based on the actual condition of our diabetes patients through point-line-surface combination.

 

1. Reasonable selection of blood glucose monitoring methods

 

Capillary blood sugar is the instant blood sugar of capillary whole blood measured through disposable test strips, which is the fingertip blood sugar that we usually monitor at home.

 

Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) reflects the average blood sugar level in the past 2 to 3 months and is the gold standard for evaluating long-term blood sugar control.

 

Glycated serum protein (GSP) is the product of the non-enzymatic reaction between glucose and protein in the blood. Since the half-life of albumin in the body is about 17 to 19 days, GSP can reflect the average blood sugar level of diabetic patients 2 to 3 weeks before the test. ;

 

1,5-Anhydroglucitol (1,5-AG) can accurately and quickly reflect blood sugar control within 1 to 2 weeks, and has obvious advantages in postprandial blood sugar fluctuations;

 

Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) refers to monitoring the glucose concentration of subcutaneous interstitial fluid through a glucose sensor. It can provide continuous, comprehensive and reliable blood glucose information throughout the day, understand the trend of blood glucose fluctuations, and discover hidden symptoms that are not easily detected by traditional monitoring methods. Hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia, so CGM has become an effective supplement to traditional blood glucose monitoring methods.

 

2. Customized blood glucose monitoring plan

 

Whether you are an ordinary person with diabetes or a special group of people with diabetes (perioperative patients, critically ill patients, elderly patients, and gestational diabetes), doctors will develop individualized blood sugar monitoring plans and blood sugar control goals based on our own characteristics. The analysis of the new guideline summarizes the recommendations of multiple domestic and foreign authoritative guidelines on capillary blood glucose monitoring frequency and monitoring time points. Although the recommendations of each guideline are slightly different, the principles are basically the same:

 

1. For patients whose blood sugar has not reached the target (or at the beginning of treatment), the monitoring frequency should be at least 5 times a day, and for patients who have reached the target, the monitoring frequency should be 2 to 4 times a day.

 

2. For patients with diabetes who receive multiple insulin injections or insulin pump treatment, it is recommended to monitor blood sugar before/after meals and snacks, before going to bed, before exercise, and when hypoglycemia is suspected.

 

The principles of blood glucose monitoring programs should be developed based on our condition, treatment goals, and treatment options. The formulation of these principles, on the one hand, follows the recommendations of the "China Guidelines for the Prevention and Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes (2013 Edition)"; on the other hand, on the premise of ensuring the quality of monitoring, it gives doctors the autonomy to monitor according to different conditions of diabetes patients, seeking better Appropriate treatment plan.

 

This principle takes into account the monitoring needs of special groups and provides principled guidance. For example, for patients with diabetes who use oral hypoglycemic drugs, it is recommended to monitor fasting or postprandial blood sugar 2 to 4 times a week, or monitor blood sugar continuously for 3 days in the week before treatment, and monitor blood sugar at 7 time points every day.

 

For patients with diabetes who are treated with different types of insulin, it is recommended to develop a blood glucose monitoring plan based on actual insulin usage:

 

1. Patients using basal insulin should monitor fasting blood sugar and adjust the dose of insulin before bedtime based on fasting blood sugar;

 

2. Patients using premixed insulin should monitor fasting and pre-dinner blood glucose, adjust the pre-dinner insulin dose based on fasting blood glucose, and adjust the pre-breakfast insulin dose based on pre-dinner blood glucose. If fasting blood glucose reaches the target, pay attention to monitoring postprandial blood glucose to optimize the treatment plan. ;

 

3. Patients using mealtime insulin should monitor post-meal or pre-meal blood sugar, and adjust the insulin dose before the previous meal based on post-meal blood sugar and pre-meal blood sugar.

 

3. Conclusion Blood glucose monitoring plays an important role in diabetes management. The new version of the guideline will help doctors understand our blood sugar status, help doctors optimize our treatment plans, improve our blood sugar control, delay the progression of diabetes complications, and reduce medical expenses. , which has huge potential benefits for us diabetic patients.